Preheat the oven to 375°F. Line a 12-cup muffin pan with paper liners or coat the cups with baking spray.
Melt the butter in a small microwave-safe bowl, then let it cool slightly.
Add the melted butter and peanut butter to a large mixing bowl. Using a stand mixer or handheld mixer, mix on medium speed until smooth and combined.
¼ cup butter, ⅔ cup creamy peanut butter
Add the brown sugar and mix until blended. Add the eggs one at a time, mixing after each addition.
⅔ cup brown sugar, 2 large eggs
Add the milk, sour cream, and vanilla extract. Mix until combined, scraping down the sides of the bowl as needed.
½ cup milk, ½ cup sour cream, 1 teaspoon pure vanilla extract
Add the flour, baking powder, and salt. Mix on low speed just until the flour is almost incorporated. Do not overmix.
2 cups all-purpose flour, 2 teaspoons baking powder, ½ teaspoon salt
Fold in the chocolate chips by hand until the remaining flour disappears.
¾ cup semisweet chocolate chips
Divide the batter among the prepared muffin cups, filling each about two-thirds full.
Bake for 18–22 minutes, or until the tops are set and a toothpick inserted in the center comes out with a few moist crumbs.
Let the muffins cool in the pan for 5 minutes, then transfer them to a wire rack.
Store the cooled muffins in an airtight container at room temperature for up to 3 days.